What is the role of a switch in a network?

A switch plays a crucial role in connecting devices within the same network, which is fundamental to the operation of local area networks (LANs). It acts as a multiport device that receives data packets from one device and forwards them to the appropriate destination device on the same network. This process is based on MAC addresses, allowing the switch to intelligently direct traffic only to the intended recipient, thereby optimizing network efficiency and reducing collisions.

Switches operate at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model and can also function at higher levels (like Layer 3, in the case of multilayer switches) if they have routing capabilities. However, the primary responsibility of a standard switch is to facilitate communication between devices like computers, printers, and servers that are all part of the same local network, ensuring that data transfers occur smoothly and efficiently.

The other options detail functions that are not typical roles of a switch. Directing traffic between different networks typically falls under the purview of routers, while assigning IP addresses is managed by DHCP servers. The secure transfer of files is generally handled by specific protocols such as FTP or secure file transfer protocols rather than by switches alone.